@article {192,
	title = {Independent genetic control of early and late stages of chemically induced skin tumors in a cross of a Japanese wild-derived inbred mouse strain, MSM/Ms.},
	journal = {Carcinogenesis},
	volume = {33},
	year = {2012},
	month = {2012 Nov},
	pages = {2260-8},
	abstract = {<p>MSM/Ms is an inbred mouse strain derived from a Japanese wild mouse, Mus musculus molossinus. In this study, we showed that MSM/Ms mice exhibit dominant resistance when crossed with susceptible FVB/N mice and subjected to the two-stage skin carcinogenesis protocol using 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)/ 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). A series of F1 backcross mice were generated by crossing p53(+/+) or p53(+/-) F1 (FVB/N {\texttimes} MSM/Ms) males with FVB/N female mice. These generated 228 backcross animals, approximately half of which were p53(+/-), enabling us to search for p53-dependent skin tumor modifier genes. Highly significant linkage for papilloma multiplicity was found on chromosomes 6 and 7 and suggestive linkage was found on chromosomes 3, 5 and 12. Furthermore, in order to identify stage-dependent linkage loci we classified tumors into three categories (<2mm, 2-6mm and >6mm), and did linkage analysis. The same locus on chromosome 7 showed strong linkage in groups with <2mm or 2-6mm papillomas. No linkage was detected on chromosome 7 to papillomas >6mm, but a different locus on chromosome 4 showed strong linkage both to papillomas >6mm and to carcinomas. This locus, which maps near the Cdkn2a/p19(Arf) gene, was entirely p53-dependent, and was not seen in p53 (+/-) backcross animals. Suggestive linkage conferring susceptibility to carcinoma was also found on chromosome 5. These results clearly suggest distinct loci regulate each stage of tumorigenesis, some of which are p53-dependent.</p>},
	keywords = {9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene, Animals, Carcinogens, Crosses, Genetic, Female, Genetic Linkage, Japan, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Inbred Strains, Mice, Knockout, Papilloma, Skin Neoplasms, Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53},
	issn = {1460-2180},
	doi = {10.1093/carcin/bgs250},
	author = {Okumura, Kazuhiro and Sato, Miho and Saito, Megumi and Miura, Ikuo and Wakana, Shigeharu and Jiang-Hua Mao and Miyasaka, Yuki and Kominami, Ryo and Wakabayashi, Yuichi}
}
